Australian Labour Party

Article

June 30, 2022

Australian Labour Party (ALP), även känd som Labour, är det stora mitten-vänsterpolitiska partiet i Australien, ett av två stora partier i australisk politik, tillsammans med mitten-högerpartiet Liberal Party of Australia. Partiet bildar den federala regeringen sedan det valdes i valet 2022. ALP är ett federalt parti, med politiska grenar i varje stat och territorium. De sitter för närvarande i regeringen i Victoria, Queensland, Western Australia, South Australia, Australian Capital Territory och Northern Territory. De är för närvarande i opposition i New South Wales och Tasmanien. Det är det äldsta politiska partiet i Australien, som grundades den 8 maj 1901 i Parliament House, Melbourne, mötesplatsen för det första federala parlamentet. ALP grundades inte som ett federalt parti förrän efter det första sammanträdet i det australiensiska parlamentet 1901. Det anses härstamma från arbetarpartier som grundades i de olika australiska kolonierna av den framväxande arbetarrörelsen i Australien, formellt med början 1891. Kolonialarbete partierna bekämpade platser från 1891 och federala platser efter federationen vid 1901 års federala val. ALP bildade världens första arbetarpartiregering och världens första socialdemokratiska regering på nationell nivå. Vid det federala valet 1910 var Labour det första partiet i Australien som vann majoritet i båda kamrarna i det australiensiska parlamentet. I varje val sedan 1910 har Labour antingen fungerat som det styrande partiet eller oppositionen. Det har varit 13 labour-premiärministrar och 10 perioder av federala arbetarregeringar. På federal och statlig/koloninivå är det australiensiska Labour Party före både British Labour Party och New Zealand Labour Party när det gäller partibildning, regering och policyimplementering. Internationellt sett är ALP medlem i Progressive Alliance, ett nätverk av socialdemokratiska partier, som tidigare varit medlem i Socialist International.

Namn och stavning

På vanlig australisk engelska stavas ordet "labour" med ett u. Det politiska partiet använder dock stavningen "Labour", utan ett u. Det fanns ursprungligen ingen standardiserad stavning av partiets namn, med "Labour" och "Labour" båda i vanligt bruk. Enligt Ross McMullin, som skrev en officiell historia om Labourpartiet, använde titelsidan för federala konferensens handlingar stavningen "Labour" 1902, "Labour" 1905 och 1908, och sedan "Labour" från 1912 och framåt . 1908 lade James Catts fram en motion vid den federala konferensen att "partiets namn är Australian Labour Party", som antogs med 22 röster mot två. En separat motion som rekommenderade statliga grenar att anta namnet besegrades. Det fanns ingen enhetlighet för partinamn förrän 1918 när det federala partiet beslöt att statliga avdelningar skulle anta namnet "Australian Labour Party", nu stavat utan ett u. Varje delstatsgren hade tidigare använt ett annat namn, på grund av deras olika ursprung. Även om ALP officiellt antog stavningen utan ett u, tog det årtionden innan den officiella stavningen nådde bred acceptans. Enligt McMullin, "hur stavningen av 'Labour Party' konsoliderades hade mer att göra med killen som slutade med att vara ansvarig för att skriva ut den federala konferensrapporten än någon annan anledning". Vissa källor har tillskrivit det officiella valet av "Labor" inflytande från kung O'Malley, som föddes i USA och sägs vara en förespråkare för stavningsreform; stavningen utan u är standardformen på amerikansk engelska. Det har föreslagits att antagandet av stavningen utan ett u "betydde ett av ALP:s tidigaste försök till modernisering", och tjänade syftet att skilja partiet från den australiska arbetarrörelsen som helhet och särskilja det från andra brittiska imperiets arbetarpartier. Beslutet att inkludera ordet "Australian" i partiets namn, snarare än bara "Labour Party" som i Storbritannien, har

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