Parti travailliste australien

Article

June 30, 2022

Le Parti travailliste australien (ALP), également simplement connu sous le nom de Parti travailliste, est le principal parti politique de centre-gauche en Australie, l'un des deux principaux partis de la politique australienne, avec le Parti libéral de centre-droit d'Australie. Le parti forme le gouvernement fédéral depuis son élection aux élections de 2022. L'ALP est un parti fédéral, avec des branches politiques dans chaque état et territoire. Ils siègent actuellement au gouvernement de Victoria, du Queensland, de l'Australie-Occidentale, de l'Australie-Méridionale, du Territoire de la capitale australienne et du Territoire du Nord. Ils sont actuellement dans l'opposition en Nouvelle-Galles du Sud et en Tasmanie. C'est le plus ancien parti politique d'Australie, créé le 8 mai 1901 au Parlement de Melbourne, lieu de réunion du premier Parlement fédéral. L'ALP n'a été fondé en tant que parti fédéral qu'après la première séance du parlement australien en 1901. Il est considéré comme issu des partis travaillistes fondés dans les diverses colonies australiennes par le mouvement ouvrier émergent en Australie, qui a officiellement débuté en 1891. Travail colonial les partis ont disputé des sièges à partir de 1891 et des sièges fédéraux après la Fédération lors des élections fédérales de 1901. L'ALP a formé le premier gouvernement travailliste au monde et le premier gouvernement social-démocrate au niveau national. Lors des élections fédérales de 1910, les travaillistes ont été le premier parti australien à remporter la majorité dans l'une ou l'autre des chambres du parlement australien. À chaque élection depuis 1910, le parti travailliste a été soit le parti au pouvoir, soit l'opposition. Il y a eu 13 premiers ministres travaillistes et 10 périodes de gouvernements travaillistes fédéraux. Au niveau fédéral et des États / colonies, le Parti travailliste australien est antérieur au Parti travailliste britannique et au Parti travailliste néo-zélandais dans la formation du parti, le gouvernement et la mise en œuvre des politiques. Sur le plan international, l'ALP est membre de l'Alliance progressiste, un réseau de partis sociaux-démocrates, après avoir été membre de l'Internationale socialiste.

Nom et orthographe

En anglais australien standard, le mot "labour" s'écrit avec un u. Cependant, le parti politique utilise l'orthographe "Labour", sans u. Il n'y avait à l'origine pas d'orthographe standardisée du nom du parti, avec «Labour» et «Labour» tous deux d'usage courant. Selon Ross McMullin, qui a écrit une histoire officielle du Parti travailliste, la page de titre des actes de la Conférence fédérale utilisait l'orthographe "Labour" en 1902, "Labour" en 1905 et 1908, puis "Labour" à partir de 1912. . En 1908, James Catts a présenté une motion à la Conférence fédérale selon laquelle "le nom du parti soit le Parti travailliste australien", qui a été adoptée par 22 voix contre deux. Une motion distincte recommandant aux branches de l'État d'adopter le nom a été rejetée. Il n'y avait pas d'uniformité dans les noms des partis jusqu'en 1918, lorsque le parti fédéral a décidé que les branches de l'État devraient adopter le nom de «Parti travailliste australien», désormais orthographié sans u. Chaque branche d'État avait auparavant utilisé un nom différent, en raison de leurs origines différentes. Bien que l'ALP ait officiellement adopté l'orthographe sans u, il a fallu des décennies pour que l'orthographe officielle soit largement acceptée. Selon McMullin, "la façon dont l'orthographe de" Parti travailliste "a été consolidée avait plus à voir avec le type qui a fini par être chargé d'imprimer le rapport de la conférence fédérale qu'avec toute autre raison". Certaines sources ont attribué le choix officiel du «travail» à l'influence du roi O'Malley , né aux États-Unis et réputé partisan de la réforme de l'orthographe; l'orthographe sans u est la forme standard en anglais américain. Il a été suggéré que l'adoption de l'orthographe sans u "signifiait l'une des premières tentatives de modernisation de l'ALP" et servait à différencier le parti du mouvement ouvrier australien dans son ensemble et à le distinguer des autres partis travaillistes de l'Empire britannique. La décision d'inclure le mot « Australien » dans le nom du parti, plutôt que simplement « Parti travailliste » comme au Royaume-Uni, a

Related Article Titles

Main Page Main Page Australian Labor Party List of state branches of the Australian Labor Party Centre-left Political party in Australia Major party Politics of Australia Centre-right politics Liberal Party of Australia 2022 Australian federal election List of state branches of the Australian Labor Party States and territories of Australia Victoria (Australia) Queensland Western Australia South Australia Australian Capital Territory Northern Territory New South Wales Tasmania Leaders of the Australian Labor Party#ALP federal parliamentary leaders Anthony Albanese Leaders of the Australian Labor Party#ALP federal deputy parliamentary leaders Richard Marles Leaders of the Australian Labor Party#ALP Senate leaders Penny Wong Australian Labor Party National Executive#National Presidents Wayne Swan Australian Labor Party National Executive#National Secretaries Paul Erickson (trade unionist) Australian Labor Party Caucus Barton, Australian Capital Territory Australian Capital Territory Think tank Chifley Research Centre Youth wing Australian Young Labor List of political ideologies Social democracy Political spectrum Centre-left politics Progressive Alliance Socialist International Australian Council of Trade Unions Political colour#Red Governing body Australian Labor Party National Executive Australian Labor Party (Australian Capital Territory Branch) Australian Labor Party (New South Wales Branch) Australian Labor Party (Northern Territory Branch) Australian Labor Party (Queensland Branch) Australian Labor Party (South Australian Branch) Australian Labor Party (Tasmanian Branch) Australian Labor Party (Victorian Branch) Australian Labor Party (Western Australian Branch) House of Representatives (Australia) Australian Senate Politics of Australia List of political parties in Australia Elections in Australia Australian labour movement Federation of Australia 1901 Australian federal election List of Labour parties Social-democratic 1910 Australian federal election Labour Party (UK) New Zealand Labour Party Progressive Alliance Socialist International Australian English Ross McMullin Australian Labor Party National Conference James Catts King O'Malley Spelling reform American English Australian labour movement Labour Party (UK) History of the Australian Labor Party Anderson Dawson Parliament House, Brisbane Tree of Knowledge (Australia) Barcaldine, Queensland 1894 Australian shearers' strike Tree of Knowledge (Australia) State Library of Queensland Balmain, New South Wales Australian Labor Party (New South Wales Branch) Australian Labor Party (South Australian Branch) 1891 New South Wales colonial election Protectionist Party Free Trade Party Balance of power (parliament) Australian Labor Party (South Australian Branch) South Australian Legislative Council South Australian House of Assembly John McPherson 1892 East Adelaide colonial by-election Richard Hooper (Australian politician) 1891 Wallaroo colonial by-election 1893 South Australian colonial election Charles Kingston John Downer 1905 South Australian state election Thomas Price (South Australian politician) John Verran Majority government 1910 South Australian state election Anderson Dawson Queensland Conservatism Federation of Australia House of Lords Chris Watson Patrick Francis Moran 1901 Australian federal election Caucus Parliament House, Melbourne Protectionist Party Minority government Free Trade Party Opposition (Australia) Chris Watson 1903 Australian federal election Alfred Deakin Conciliation Arbitration George Reid Prime Minister of Australia Anderson Dawson Minority government Free Trade Party 1906 Australian federal election Protectionist Party Westminster system Two-party system Andrew Fisher 1910 Australian federal election Majority government Australian Senate List of Labour parties Chris Watson Victoria (Australia) Alfred Deakin 1910 New South Wales state election 1910 South Australian state election 1911 Western Australian state election 1915 Queensland state election 1925 Tasmanian state election World War I Russian Revolution Australian Labor Party National Conference Maurice Blackburn Ben Chifley High Court of Australia Gough Whitlam Bob Hawke Privatisation Qantas Commonwealth Bank Social democracy Democratic socialism White Australia policy Tariff Conscription Pacifism Multiculturalism Nationalisation Privatisation Isolationism Racial hygiene World War II Chifley Government Arthur Calwell Multiculturalism Curtin Government Chifley Government Second World War John Curtin Pacific War ANZUS Menzies Government (1949–66) 1943 Australian federal election Ben Chifley 1946 Australian federal election 1949 Australian federal election The light on the hill Australian Coal and Shale Employees' Federation Robert Menzies H. V. Evatt Arthur Calwell The Domain, Sydney Gough Whitlam Labor Left Progressivism Labor Right Economically liberal Social-democratic Democratic socialist Tariff 1972 Australian federal election 1974 Australian federal election Whitlam Government 1975 Australian constitutional crisis Governor-General of Australia John Kerr (governor-general) Loss of supply 1975 Australian federal election 1977 Australian federal election Bill Hayden 1980 Australian federal election Bob Hawke Bob Hawke 1983 Australian federal election Paul Keating 1993 Australian federal election John Howard 1996 Australian federal election Kim Beazley 1998 Australian federal election Two-party-preferred vote 2001 Australian federal election Simon Crean Mark Latham 2004 Australian federal election Kevin Rudd 2007 Australian federal election Stanley Melbourne Bruce Rudd Government (2007–2010) 2010 Australian federal election Julia Gillard Hung parliament 2013 Australian federal election Bill Shorten 2016 Australian federal election 2019 Australian federal election Anthony Albanese 2022 Australian federal election 2008 Western Australian state election 2010 Victorian state election 2011 New South Wales state election 2012 Queensland state election 2012 Northern Territory general election 2013 Australian federal election 2014 Tasmanian state election 2012 Australian Capital Territory general election 2014 South Australian state election 2014 Victorian state election 2015 Queensland state election 2014 Fisher state by-election 2016 Northern Territory general election 2017 Western Australian state election 2018 Victorian state election 2018 South Australian state election 2022 South Australian state election 2019 New South Wales state election Anthony Albanese 2022 Australian federal election Australian Labor Party National Executive Australian Labor Party National Conference Paul Erickson (trade unionist) Australian Labor Party Caucus Caucus#Australia, Canada, New Zealand and South Africa Leaders of the Australian Labor Party Prime Minister of Australia Deputy Prime Minister of Australia Anthony Albanese Richard Marles List of state branches of the Australian Labor Party Affiliated trade union Australian labour movement Australian Council of Trade Unions Political funding in Australia Elections in Australia#Public funding Australian Labor Party (Australian Capital Territory Branch) Preselection Two-party-preferred vote Australian Labor Party (New South Wales Branch) Chris Minns 2019 New South Wales state election Australian Labor Party (Victorian Branch) Daniel Andrews 2018 Victorian state election Australian Labor Party (Queensland Branch) Annastacia Palaszczuk 2020 Queensland state election Australian Labor Party (Western Australian Branch) Mark McGowan 2021 Western Australian state election Australian Labor Party (South Australian Branch) Peter Malinauskas 2022 South Australian state election Australian Labor Party (Tasmanian Branch) Rebecca White 2021 Tasmanian state election Australian Labor Party (Australian Capital Territory Branch) Andrew Barr 2020 Australian Capital Territory general election ACT Greens Australian Labor Party (Northern Territory Branch) Natasha Fyles 2020 Northern Territory general election Regions of New South Wales#Informal divisions Australian Labor Party (New South Wales Branch) New South Wales Australian Electoral Commission 2000 Benalla state by-election Kim Beazley 2015 New South Wales state election Australian Young Labor Democratic socialism Social ownership Chifley Government Privatization Social democracy Labor Right Labor Left Labor Left Labor Right Anthony Albanese Bill Shorten Social liberalism Democratic socialism Australian Workers' Union Shop, Distributive and Allied Employees' Association Transport Workers Union of Australia Australian Manufacturing Workers Union United Workers Union Construction, Forestry, Maritime, Mining and Energy Union Community and Public Sector Union Preselection Cheryl Kernot Peter Garrett Branch stacking Personation Australian Labor Party National Executive 1901 Australian federal election Chris Watson 1903 Australian federal election 1906 Australian federal election 1910 Australian federal election Andrew Fisher 1913 Australian federal election 1914 Australian federal election 1917 Australian federal election Frank Tudor 1919 Australian federal election 1922 Australian federal election Matthew Charlton 1925 Australian federal election 1928 Australian federal election James Scullin 1929 Australian federal election 1931 Australian federal election 1934 Australian federal election 1937 Australian federal election John Curtin 1940 Australian federal election 1943 Australian federal election 1946 Australian federal election Ben Chifley 1949 Australian federal election 1951 Australian federal election 1954 Australian federal election H. V. Evatt 1955 Australian federal election 1958 Australian federal election 1961 Australian federal election Arthur Calwell 1963 Australian federal election 1966 Australian federal election 1969 Australian federal election Gough Whitlam 1972 Australian federal election 1974 Australian federal election 1975 Australian federal election 1977 Australian federal election 1980 Australian federal election Bill Hayden 1983 Australian federal election Bob Hawke 1984 Australian federal election 1987 Australian federal election 1990 Australian federal election 1993 Australian federal election Paul Keating 1996 Australian federal election 1998 Australian federal election Kim Beazley 2001 Australian federal election 2004 Australian federal election Mark Latham 2007 Australian federal election Kevin Rudd 2010 Australian federal election Julia Gillard 2013 Australian federal election Kevin Rudd 2016 Australian federal election Bill Shorten 2019 Australian federal election 2022 Australian federal election Anthony Albanese Political funding in Australia Health Services Union Village Roadshow Electrical Trades Union of Australia Westfield Corporation Macquarie Telecom Woodside Energy ANZ Bank John Curtin House Socialism in Australia Australian labour movement Third Way Paul Ormonde Paul Ormonde Max Charlesworth Paul Ormonde The Australian Worker South Australian Register Ted Johnson (politician) Parliament of Western Australia Hansard Finlay Crisp Whitlam Government Opposition (Australia) Governor-General of Australia John Kerr (governor-general) 1975 Australian constitutional crisis Australian House of Representatives The Australian Worker South Australian Register Ross McMullin Australian Parliamentary Library State Library of Queensland CC-BY ISBN (identifier) Australian Dictionary of Biography ISSN (identifier) Australian Dictionary of Biography The Guardian ABC News (Australia) 2018 Australian Labor Party National Conference The Sydney Morning Herald The Australian Wayback Machine Doi (identifier) S2CID (identifier) Doi (identifier) JSTOR (identifier) S2CID (identifier) ISBN (identifier) ISBN (identifier) Doi (identifier) Hdl (identifier) ISSN (identifier) S2CID (identifier) ISBN (identifier) OCLC (identifier) ISBN (identifier) Australian Broadcasting Corporation ISBN (identifier) ISBN (identifier) ISBN (identifier)